heavy naphtha
Heavy Naphtha is one of the oil cuts obtained from the crude oil distillation process in the refinery. This oil cut is in the range of hydrocarbons that have a carbon number between 7 and 12 carbon atoms per molecule and has a higher molecular weight and boiling point than light naphtha.
Features and applications
Characteristics of heavy naphtha
1. Average molecular weight: Heavy naphtha has a higher molecular weight and carbon number compared to light naphtha and other lighter hydrocarbons.
2. High boiling point: Heavy naphtha boils at higher temperatures than light naphtha, usually in the range of 150-200°C.
3. Moderate volatility: Compared to heavier hydrocarbons, heavy naphtha is more volatile but still less volatile than light naphtha.
4. Aromatic nature: Heavy naphtha usually has a higher amount of aromatic compounds that contribute to its chemical properties such as thermal stability and chemical stability.
Applications of heavy naphtha
1. Raw material for catalytic cracking: Heavy naphtha is one of the most important raw materials in catalytic cracking processes, in which heavier hydrocarbons are converted into lighter hydrocarbons such as gasoline and diesel.
2. Gasoline production: One of the main uses of heavy naphtha is to use it as feed in catalytic reforming units to produce high-quality gasoline with suitable octane.
3. Production of aromatics: heavy naphtha is used as a raw material in the production of benzene, toluene and xylene (BTX) due to its aromatic compounds. These materials are used in the petrochemical industry to produce plastics, resins, synthetic fibers and other chemicals.
4. Industrial Solvents: Some heavy naphtha cuts are used as solvents in various industries, especially in the production of paints, varnishes, and inks.
5. Fuels: Heavy naphtha is sometimes used as a fuel in turbines and diesel engines, although this use is less common due to its higher value as a feedstock in the petrochemical industry.
Due to its chemical and physical characteristics, heavy naphtha is very important in various industries, especially in the production of fuels and chemicals, and plays a key role in refineries and petrochemicals.
Heavy naphtha specification table
| ROW | PROPERTY | UNIT | TEST METHOD | SPECIFICATION | TYPICAL VALUE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Density @ 15°C | g/cm3 | ASTM D1298 | MAX 0.740 | 0.738 |
| 2 | Total Sulfur | ppm | ASTM D4294 | 1600 Max | 1503 |
| 3 | MERCAPTAN | ppm | ASTM D3227 | MAX 1200 | 1168 |
| 4 | IBP | °C | ASTM D86 | 40 MIN | 43 |
| 5 | 10% | °C | 65-75 | 70 | |
| 6 | 30% | °C | 95-105 | 101 | |
| 7 | 50% | °C | 110-125 | 114 | |
| 8 | 90% | °C | 195-205 | 200 | |
| 9 | FBP | °C | MIN 268 | 275 | |
| 10 | Color | – | ASTM D156 | 20 MIN | 25 |